潜水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)电(dian)泵是深井提(ti)(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的重要设(she)备。使用时(shi)整个机组潜入(ru)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中工(gong)作。把地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)提(ti)(ti)取到地表，是生活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、矿山抢险、工(gong)业冷(leng)却、农田灌溉、海水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)提(ti)(ti)升、轮船调载(zai)，还(hai)可(ke)用于喷泉景观，热水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)潜水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵用于温(wen)泉洗浴，还(hai)可(ke)适用于从(cong)深井中提(ti)(ti)取地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，也可(ke)用于河流、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)库(ku)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)渠等提(ti)(ti)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程。主要用于农田灌溉及(ji)高山区人畜用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，亦可(ke)供中央(yang)空调冷(leng)却、热泵机组、冷(leng)泵机组、城市(shi)、工(gong)厂、铁路、矿山、工(gong)地排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)使用。一般流量可(ke)以达到(10立(li)方(fang)米(mi)~650立(li)方(fang)米(mi))每小时(shi)、扬程可(ke)达到1500米(mi)。那么，潜水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)电(dian)泵使用中有哪(na)些注意事(shi)项？

1、不能接地

潜(qian)水(shui)电泵(beng)采(cai)(cai)取保护(hu)接(jie)地(di)是国家(jia)强制性标准的(de)要求。只有采(cai)(cai)取保护(hu)接(jie)地(di)，才能确保使(shi)用(yong)时(shi)(shi)的(de)人身安(an)全(quan)。如果没有保护(hu)接(jie)地(di)，一旦外壳(qiao)(qiao)漏电，就造(zao)成潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)出水(shui)口处的(de)水(shui)及(ji)抽水(shui)的(de)水(shui)面带(dai)电，危(wei)及(ji)人畜安(an)全(quan)，同时(shi)(shi)浪费大(da)量电能。若将(jiang)潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)的(de)金(jin)属外壳(qiao)(qiao)与符(fu)合(he)国家(jia)标准的(de)接(jie)地(di)体(接(jie)地(di)电阻不(bu)大(da)于4Ω)接(jie)地(di)连(lian)接(jie)，当潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)外壳(qiao)(qiao)漏电时(shi)(shi)，电流(liu)经潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)金(jin)属外壳(qiao)(qiao)、保护(hu)接(jie)地(di)线(xian)、接(jie)地(di)体、大(da)地(di)、变压器(qi)的(de)工作(zuo)接(jie)地(di)线(xian)和(he)电源(yuan)形成一个闭合(he)回路，当漏电流(liu)过大(da)时(shi)(shi)，特(te)别是火线(xian)碰(peng)壳(qiao)(qiao)时(shi)(shi)，就能使(shi)潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)的(de)保护(hu)装置(zhi)动(dong)作(zuo)(熔(rong)断(duan)器(qi)熔(rong)断(duan)或空气开关跳闸)，切断(duan)漏电潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)的(de)电源(yuan)。

2、不(bu)安装漏电(dian)保(bao)护器(qi)

潜(qian)水电(dian)(dian)泵工作(zuo)在水中，容易漏电(dian)(dian)造成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)能(neng)损失甚至引发触电(dian)(dian)事(shi)故。如果装有漏电(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)器(qi)，只要(yao)潜(qian)水泵漏电(dian)(dian)值(zhi)超(chao)过漏电(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)器(qi)的(de)动作(zuo)电(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)(一般(ban)不超(chao)过30mA)，漏电(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)器(qi)就会切(qie)断(duan)潜(qian)水电(dian)(dian)泵的(de)电(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。

3、电源电压异常(chang)时开机

电(dian)(dian)(dian)压过高和过低(di)都(dou)会使(shi)(shi)潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)温(wen)升过高，缩短(duan)使(shi)(shi)用寿命甚至(zhi)烧毁潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)。农(nong)村由于低(di)压供电(dian)(dian)(dian)线路比(bi)较长，线路末端电(dian)(dian)(dian)压过低(di)、始端电(dian)(dian)(dian)压过高是常有的事。因此，在使(shi)(shi)用潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)的过程中，操作者(zhe)必须随时观察电(dian)(dian)(dian)源电(dian)(dian)(dian)压值(zhi)，若(ruo)低(di)于额定电(dian)(dian)(dian)压10%以下，高于额定电(dian)(dian)(dian)压10%以上，或电(dian)(dian)(dian)流大于潜(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)额定电(dian)(dian)(dian)流的20%时，应立即(ji)停机(ji)，并避免(mian)电(dian)(dian)(dian)源电(dian)(dian)(dian)压异常时开(kai)机(ji)。

4、电机反方向旋转

现(xian)在(zai)有许多类型的潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵正(zheng)转(zhuan)和(he)反转(zhuan)皆可(ke)出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，但反转(zhuan)时出(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量小、电(dian)流大，反转(zhuan)时间(jian)长了(le)会损(sun)坏电(dian)机(ji)绕(rao)组。因此，潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)电(dian)泵入水(shui)(shui)(shui)前应先接电(dian)源检(jian)查旋转(zhuan)方向是否正(zheng)确。若(ruo)三相(xiang)潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵叶轮倒转(zhuan)，应立即停机(ji)，调(diao)换电(dian)缆中三相(xiang)芯线中任意两相(xiang)的接线即可(ke)。

5、长期超负荷工作

为避免潜(qian)(qian)水(shui)电(dian)泵长(zhang)期(qi)超负(fu)荷工作，不要把低扬程泵用于高扬程工作，不要抽含沙量(liang)大(重泥浆)的水(shui)，并随时(shi)观察电(dian)流(liu)(liu)值是否(fou)在规定的范围内。若发(fa)现电(dian)流(liu)(liu)过(guo)大，应停(ting)机检查。另外(wai)，潜(qian)(qian)水(shui)泵以(yi)水(shui)为冷却源，因此，潜(qian)(qian)水(shui)泵脱水(shui)运行(xing)的时(shi)间不宜(yi)过(guo)长(zhang)。

6、频繁开关

潜水(shui)电(dian)泵不宜过(guo)于频繁启动(dong)(dong)，这是(shi)因(yin)为潜水(shui)泵停转(zhuan)时会产生回流(liu)，若立(li)即开机(ji)，会使电(dian)机(ji)负载(zai)启动(dong)(dong)，导(dao)致启动(dong)(dong)电(dian)流(liu)过(guo)大(da)。因(yin)此，停机(ji)后要(yao)等管内(nei)的存水(shui)回流(liu)完毕(bi)才(cai)能再次(ci)启动(dong)(dong)，一般需要(yao)间隔5min左右。

7、在淤泥环境中使用

潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)电泵在(zai)使(shi)用时如(ru)果沉(chen)入泥中(zhong)，会导致散热不(bu)(bu)良而烧坏电机(ji)绕组。因此，潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)泵一定(ding)不(bu)(bu)能在(zai)淤(yu)泥环境中(zhong)使(shi)用。为(wei)防止潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)泵沉(chen)入淤(yu)泥中(zhong)，应(ying)在(zai)潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)泵下水(shui)(shui)前(qian)清除其工作环境内淤(yu)泥，有(you)条件时还应(ying)采用栅栏护罩(zhao)把潜(qian)水(shui)(shui)泵罩(zhao)住，以避(bi)免废弃物堵住进水(shui)(shui)栅栏，导致电机(ji)发热、出水(shui)(shui)不(bu)(bu)畅(chang)。

8、停用后长期放在水(shui)中不管不问

潜水电(dian)(dian)泵如(ru)果下井(jing)后(hou)不连续使用(yong)，时间长了会锈(xiu)蚀，导致不能(neng)启动。因(yin)此，停用(yong)的(de)潜水泵切忌放在(zai)水中(zhong)不管不问，应每(mei)周开(kai)机一(yi)次，运(yun)行(xing)5～10min。长期不用(yong)时，Z好不长时间浸泡在(zai)水中(zhong)，应放在(zai)清水中(zhong)通电(dian)(dian)运(yun)行(xing)几分钟，清洗泵内外泥浆，然后(hou)提出(chu)水面擦(ca)干(gan)，进(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)一(yi)次大检查(cha)，拆开(kai)所有部件进(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)检修、擦(ca)洗、除锈(xiu)去垢(gou)，对(dui)易损(sun)件进(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)更换，再重新装配好，涂漆防锈(xiu)后(hou)放在(zai)干(gan)燥、无腐(fu)蚀性气体(ti)的(de)库房内